Air cooled tube



AIR COOLED TUBE Dec. 23, 1941.. l. E. MouRoMTsEFF ETAL Filed sept. 14, 1939 Patented Dec. 23, 19441 Y 1 Am cooLEDTUBE Ilia. E. Mouromtse, Montclair, and George M. Dinnick, Bloomfield, N. J., assignors to Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsyl- Vania Application September 14, 1939, Serial No. 294,844:A

7 Claims. (Cl. 250--27.5)

Our invention relates to discharge tubes and tion of the tube. Such a device presents a diffiespecially to a cooling device for an external cult problem `in effectively cooling the anode in anode of sucha discharge device. view of its enclosure by the rest ofthe device.

An object of the invention is to provide a large The preferred embodiment of the invention is cooling surface for the exterior anode of a disillustrated in the drawing. The invention concharge tube. templates forming abundle of wires 30 having an Another object of the invention is to provide indentation 3| at one end to flt closely about the effective cooling of exterior anodes having a large dome-shaped exterior anode 21. The wires may diameter in respect to the length of such an be pre-formed as to length for this indentation anode. at one end, but we prefer to place them in a Other objects and advantages of the invention copper collar 32 and machine this end to the will be apparent from the following description desired shape for fitting closely to the exterior and drawing in which: anode 2l. The bundle of wires may be formed in Fig. 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly several ways, but our preferred type which is in cross-section of a discharge tube and a preespecially advantageous is disclosed in the variferred embodiment of the cooling device applied ous figures of the drawing. thereto. We preferably select a central rod 33 as the Fig. 2 is a bottom elevational view of the device axis of the bundle. This central rod may have of Fig. 1. various cross-sectional configurationsfbut we Fig. 3 is a view on lines III-III of Fig. 1. 20 prefer to shape it in the form of a regular polygon Fig. 4 is a view on lines IV-IV of Fig. 1. having the same number of sides as the number Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the wires 'of wires forming the first layer on this central in Fig. 1. core. In the preferred embodiment illustrated The exterior anode tubes of the prior art are we have selected six wires as forming the rst generally elongated anode types to provide eieelayer, and accordingly the core is preferably, but tive lqllid Cooling of the anode. For some innot necessarily, a hexigon in cross-section. stallations, however, such as airplanes, it is de- The wires themselves are preferably square or sirable to economize on the space occupied by rectangular in cross-section; although they may such tubes and to substitute air cooling for the take other cross-sections if desired. We prefer liquid cooling of these prior art discharge tubes. to increase the number of wires in each 'succeed- In shortening the anode length and substituting ing layer or radius increase by a xed numerical air Cooling for liquid cooling, a very acute problem amount, a1though it is apparent that adding or is presented of effectively radiating the heat from subtracting an additional wire to one of the inner the anode and dissipeting it to the outside layers or more to the outer layers will not seriatmosphere. 3 ously affect this mathematical arrangement.

The drawing illustrates a tube I0 in Fig. l de- In this preferred embodiment illustrated we Signed t0 OCCllDY a minimum 0f Space in COmhave illustrated in Fig. 3 the central core 33 hav- PaTSOll With the present type 0f eXeIOI anode ing its first layer thereon formed of six Wires 34. tubes. This tube has, 0f COlllSe, the glass Cas- The next layer 35 we prefer to increase by the ing ll With a plurality Of Cathode leads l2 and 40 same number of wires, making a total of twelve I3 entering through a press Seal I4. TlleSe in this radius. Each succeeding increase in cathode leads extend to one or more cathode laradius has added to it the six additional wires so ments diagrammatically illustrated at |5 The that as the bundle increases in diameter, the numgrid l5 iS also diagrammatially illustrated C011- ber of wires, at the particular layer or radius, innected to an exterior lead Il. The cathode and creases accordingly and from eighteen wires in grid are only ldiagramrriatieally illustrated as they the third layer we go respectively to 24, 30, 36, 42, may take many varied shapes which do not affect 43, 54J 60, 66J 72, 73, 34, et@ to the desired diam.. the invention. eter of the bundle.

The anode is formed of dome-Shaped copper 2l We prefer to bend the outer ends of the first and has a reentrant outer curved portion 28 0 layer 34 at a right angle to the axis of the bundle Sealed 150 the glass casing by means 0f the so that the outer ends 34 of this layer are located feather edge seal 29. It will be noted that the in a plane perpendicular tothe axis of the bundle, diameter of the dome is very large in comparison as illustrated in Fig. 4. The next layer of twelve with its length and that the dome is substantially 55 wires 35 does not extend quite as far as the rst surrounded laterally by the glass insulating porlayer when they are also bent at right angles 2 into a plane at right angles to the axis. The same process is performed with the third layer 36 with its ends 36' and this is continued until there is progressively a series of planes formed by the ends 34' to 41', as illustrated in Fig. 1.

With this particular arrangement the bottom has six wires and th'e number gradually increases until the ends 41 comprise eighty-four wires. The progressively staggered arrangement of these wires from the bottom of the tube is illustrated in Fig. 2, and this iigure gives an approximate idea of the enormous enlarged surface that is exposed to the cooling breeze of positive means such as a fan directed upon these wires, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

The tube and cooling means could, of course, be located so that the wires, as illustrated in Fig. 2, would be directly aimed in the same direction as the airplane, for example, so that the air would be forced through this myriad of wires. It will be noted that the shape and arrangement provides for effect'vely dissipating the heat from the anode into quite an enlarged volume of the atmosphere occupied by the spaced ends of these wires. i vIn Fig. 5 we have illustrated one of the wires 34 with its outer end 34 bent at right angles, as disclosed in Fig. 1. While we prefer the right angle bend, it is apparent that the layers may have their ends bent at other angles to the axis than that of 90, either acute or obtuse with a line from the axis of the anode. Such a shape may be such as to form conical surfaces of revolution instead of the planes as disclosed. The spacing between the various planes or cones of revolution may be varied, but We prefer to space them an equal distance apart, as disclosed in the drawing.

It is apparent that many other modications l may be made in the preferred embodiment, and accordingly We desire only such limitations imposed upon the invention as are necessitated by thespirit and scope of the appended claims. l What is claimed:

l. A cooling device for a discharge tube having an exterior anode comprising an elongated bundle of wires having an indentation at one end of said bundle adapted to contact the exterior anode of said discharge tube in intimate engagement therewith and with each other thereat, said wires at the other end of the bundle bent away yand terminating in the atmosphere spaced from each other at various locations along the longitudinal axis of said bundle. y

2. A cooling device for a discharge tube comprising a bundle of wires axially aligned with an indentation at one end adapted to contact the exterior anode of said discharge tube, the Wires at the other end being progressively bent awat7 from the axis of said bundle.

3. A cooling device for a discharge tube comprising a bundle of wires axially aligned with an indentation at one end adapted to contact the exterior anode of said discharge tube, the other ends of most of said wires being bent at right angles to the axis of said bundle.

4. A cooling device for a discharge tube comprising a bundle of wires having an indentation at one end adapted to contact the exterior anode of said discharge tube, the other ends of most of said wires being bent at right angles to the axis of said bundle, the Wires located radially the same distance from the axis of said bundle having their outer ends substantially in the same plane.

5. A cooling devicefor a discharge tube comprising a bundle of wires having an indentation at one end adapted to contact the exterior anode of said discharge tube, said bundle being substantially symmetrical about the longitudinal axis thereof, the number of wires increasing substantialy in arithmetical progression along the radius of said bundle, some of said wires being bent away at one location along said axis, other wires at other locations.

6. A cooling device for a discharge tube comprising a bundle of wires having an indentation at one end adapted to contact the exterior anode of said discharge tube, said bundle being substantially symmetrical .about the longitudinal axis thereof, the number-of wires increasing substantially in arithmetical progression along the radius of said bundle, the wires located at substantially the same radius from the axis of said bundle having their outer ends bent at substantially the same angle to the axis of said bundle.

'7. A cooling device for a discharge tube having an exterior part which normally becomes hot in use, comprising a bundle oi wires with one end of said bundle in intimate contact with said part throughout substantially the entire end surface of the bundle and with the side surfaces of the wires of the bundle next to said end in intimate contact with each other, the other ends of said wires more remote from the tube bending away from said bundle and spaced from each other, and each entirely surrounded by air space throughout the extent of the remote end portion thereof beyond the bend.

ILIA E. MOUROMTSEFF. GEORGE M. DINNICK. 

